Transformers play a critical role in electrical systems by utilizing electromagnetic induction to transform and transmit alternating current (AC) signals. They enable voltage and current changes, making them essential power transmission and distribution components.
Voltage Transformation and Energy Efficiency
One of the primary functions of transformers is to increase or decrease voltage levels. By stepping up the voltage, transformers facilitate efficient long-distance power transmission, minimizing energy loss. Conversely, they can step down the voltage in substations and distribution transformers to match the required levels for safe and effective use.
Electromagnetic Induction and Transformer Action
Transformers achieve voltage and current transformation through the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. When an AC signal is applied to the primary coil, the changing current generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field change, known as transformer action, is transmitted to the secondary winding, inducing voltage across it. Thus, the voltage present in the primary component is transferred to the secondary component.
Isolation of Direct Current (DC)
Notably, transformers serve as barriers to direct current (DC) inputs. They provide DC isolation, preventing the passage of DC signals. Since DC does not generate a changing current, it lacks the magnetic field required to induce a voltage across the secondary component of the transformer.
Transformers in Electrical Systems
Transformers are indispensable in electrical systems, enabling voltage and current adjustments while ensuring efficient power transmission. They allow for energy savings, reduce losses, and facilitate the safe and reliable distribution of electricity. By harnessing the principles of electromagnetic induction, transformers contribute to the seamless functioning of our electrical grids and the devices we rely on every day.
This post was written by Justin Tidd, Director at Swartz Engineering. For nearly half a century, Swartz Engineering has been at the forefront of industry safety. They are a family-owned company specializing in power distribution for the electrical industry. Our design ensures maximum flexibility for excellent reliability and a high return on investment.
